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This article is about the wheel bug (Arilus cristatus), a species of large, aerial insect from the family Reduviidae.
Wheel bug (Arilus cristatus) is the largest predatory species of Reduviidae family, and is a common, aerial insect in Southeast Asia, including South Korea. It belongs to the subfamily Pentatominae and exhibits a characteristic wheel-like crest on its back called the crux, giving it its unique and commonly known name, the wheel bug.
The wheel bug has a mottled gray and own color, with parts of its body being lighter and darker than the rest. Its length varies from one and a half to two inches long and the wing span is two and a half to three inches wide. The wheel bug’s abdomen is tapered and its head is triangular, with a pair of antennae, two dark curved appendages along its outer edges, and three prominent ocelli (simple eyespots) on the top of its head.
Wheel bugs are general predators of, or scavengers on, insects, spiders and other arthropods. When they encounter potential prey, they first inject digestive enzymes into their victims. After they have liquified the insides, they feed on the nutritious mush that arises from the prey's body. They can also feed on the liquified remains of pests and other crawling insects, such as aphids, mites, ticks and caterpillars.
Wheel bugs are attracted to light and their typical habitats include trees, bushes, lawns and fields. During the day, it rests on the underside of leaves and shrubs, with its legs tucked in to conserve energy. The wheel bug is active mostly during twilight, as it obtains its energy from the ultraviolet radiation from the sun. During the night, it sits on the same shrubs and anches.
The wheel bug’s main defensive mechanism against predators is its speed and agility. When a potential predator draws close, they will quickly attempt to fly away, using the two large wings located on their backs. They may also use their wheel-like crest as a form of intimidation, curling it up and pointing it towards the predator and making a loud, buzzing noise.
Wheel bugs are solitary creatures and do not form colonies. Adults reproduce during summer and lay eggs on vegetation, which hatch after six to seven days. The four larval stages, or nymphs, look similar to adults, but are smaller and lack wings. The larvae feed aggressively and develop through regular shedding of the exoskeleton. The nymphs take about a month to reach their fully-grown state, after which they mate and reproduce.
Wheel bugs are beneficial to the environment as they feed on pests and other insects that can damage crops and trees. They should be left to roam freely in gardens and parks, however, steer clear of them as they may give a painful bite that could lead to infection. To avoid contact with wheel bugs, stay away from locations where large numbers of them are found and wear protective suits if you must be in contact with them.
In conclusion, wheel bugs (Arilus cristatus) are a species of large, aerobic insects belonging to the family Reduviidae. They are usually found in trees, bushes, and lawns and are solitary predators, feeding on pests and other insects. Wheel bugs display a wheel-like crest on their backs and can fly away quickly when they detect potential danger. They are beneficial to the environment and should be left to roam freely, however, exercise caution when dealing with them as they may bite.
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